Bot. 425 MICROBIOLOGY VI (2+3): 3
Principles of plant pathology. Introduction: parasitism and development of disease. Mechanisms of disease formation: Mechanisms of infection by pathogenic organisms, effect of pathogenesis on physiological functions of plants, mechanisms of defence in plants. Genetics as related to plant pathology: Resistance, susceptibility and tolerance, environmental influence on development of infective plant diseases. Host-parasite relationships: Concept of plant/microbe interactions, disease formation and host/parasite systems. Molecular genetics of pathogenesis: Molecular mechanisms in disease formation, molecular genetics methods in identification of parasites. Regulation of parasite enzymes and its role in disease formation, plant parasite interactions. The role of hydrolytic enzymes in plant resistance to disease formation, partial response of plants to disease, molecular responses to disease, genetic and molecular aspects of resistance in response to infection or chemical substances, tumor formation in plants, parasitic flowering plants.
Bot. 426 PLANT PHYSIOLOGY III (3+6): 5
Growth and development in plants. Introduction: Growth processes; germination of seeds, seed types and chemical composition of seeds. Seed dormancy and methods of breaking seed dormancy. Economical, ecological and developmental importance of seed dormancy. Differentiation: Introduction- Principles of molecular differentiation. Growth movements: Tropisms and other growth movements resulting from external stimuli. Phytochrome and plant growth: Responses of plants to phytochromes during growth. Reproductive growth: The life-cycle of flowering plants- the flowering process, photoperiodism and vernalization. Senescence and death. Control and co-ordination in plants. Plant growth hormones: Introduction- Growth factors- The chemistry of major groups of plant hormones: Auxins, Gibberelins, Cytokinins. Phenolic inhibitors and Abscisic acid. Ethylene, Polyamines. Metabolic pathways: Biosynthesis, destruction(oxidation), inactivation …etc). Transport and it’s role in controlling growth and development- Synthetic plant growth substances. Stress physiology: A. Water stress: Morphological changes resulting from water stress, physiological responses to water stress. B. Heat stress. C. Nutrients stress. D. Disease stress.
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